Forest, Land and Agriculture (FLAG) emissions will be important as the aquaculture industry transitions towards lower-carbon production. These emissions, now tracked
under the Science-Based Targets initiative (SBTi), originate from land use and agricultural activities rather than from energy consumption.
Understanding FLAG emissions is crucial to achieving meaningful reductions for aquafeed producers. These, however, require land-use solutions, such as regenerative agriculture and deforestation-free supply chains.
FLAG emissions refer to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions linked to land use and agriculture, including deforestation, soil management and feed production.
Unlike fossil fuel-based emissions (such as energy use in processing or transport), FLAG emissions stem from biological processes, such as methane from rice fields, nitrous oxide from fertilisers and land-use change due to soy farming.
SBTi separates FLAG and non-FLAG emissions, as each requires different mitigation strategies. Non-FLAG emissions (such as energy use in processing, refrigeration and transport) can be reduced through efficiency improvements, electrification and the adoption of renewable energy.
The largest FLAG-related emissions in aquaculture come from aquafeed, as many diets rely on crops like soy, wheat and maise, which are FLAG-relevant commodities.
Their carbon footprint increases significantly if these ingredients are sourced from deforested lands or poorly managed farms.
Tracking FLAG emissions ensures companies set targeted, science-based reduction goals. It provides seafood producers with clearer insights into the biggest impact challenges and enables targeted action.
The aquaculture industry faces growing demands from retailers, regulators and investors to substantiate sustainability claims.
Companies with robust FLAG emission strategies may gain a competitive edge as markets shift towards lowercarbon seafood. Tracking these emissions separately enhances carbon accounting accuracy and informs better sustainability decision-making.
Addressing FLAG emissions will become more important as the industry advances towards reducing greenhouse emissions.
Results (1)
Measuring impact is the first step towards reducing it. For years carbon calculations for soy in aquafeed relied on generic data, which does not reflect the reality of responsible farming. In 2019, together with ProTerra, we embarked on a mission to deliver science-backed, verified emissions data for key soy ingredients used in aquafeed.